this tutorial is only a composition of varius sites ... i just compiled that stuff !
1. What is Linux/Unix?
2. Where can I get Linux?
3. I'm new to all this, what is an easy distro to learn on?
4. I've heard of Linux distros that just run off a CD, where can I get one of those?
5. What are some basic Linux commands to get me going?
6. Where can I get more software for Linux?
7. How can I dual-boot Linux and Windows?
8. I'm lost. What are some other resources to help me out?
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1. What is Linux/Unix?
Unix was an OS (Operating System) that was developed in the 1960s by Bell Labs (http://www.belllabs.com/history/unix), specifically by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie. Two major variants of Unix evolved throughout the decades; Bell Labs had given Unix away to MIT and Berkeley -- each of them spawning dozens off their own variants.
Linux is the kernel for an operating system that was written in the early 1990s by Linus Torvalds (Linus + Unix = Linux) as a 'Unix work-alike'. It looks like Unix, it acts like Unix, it can run most Unix software - but it's not Unix.
Linus posted his Linux Kernel source on the Internet and people from all over the world started developing for it -- all under the GNU Public License (www.gnu.org/gpl" target="_blank">http://wwww.gnu.org/gpl). Groups of these developers eventually began creating their own distributions or 'distros', like Slackware, Gentoo, and Debian -- which is technically referred to as GNU/Linux Operating Systems.
2. Where can I get Linux?
The best way to get Linux is to download an 'ISO'. Most distros offer an ISO image of their CDs for download on their web sites or you can go to http://www.linuxiso.org, which has a pretty good variety of distros.
Additionally, you could always pay a few bucks and buy a CD either from an online vendor (usually about 5 bucks) or at a local book or computer store (usually around 25 - 50 bucks... but you also get documentation with the extra cost).
3. I'm new to all this, what's an easy distro to learn on?
For Linux newbies, Mandrake, SuSe, or Redhat are usually the recommended distros; they're easy to install and do a pretty good job of detecting and setting up your hardware.
Once you grow more comfortable with Linux and are looking for something a little more 'hands-on', try Slackware or Debian.
4. I've heard of Linux distros that just run off a CD, where can I get one of those?
These are called 'Live-CDs', with Knoppix (http://www.knoppix.org) being the most common. Basically it works like this, you boot off the Live-CD and it creates a virtual drive out of the RAM of your computer that it loads itself into. From there you have a fully functional Linux distribution. When you're done, just pop put the CD and reboot -- everything will be back to normal.
These are good for the Linux curious who aren't ready make any permanent changes to their computer... they also make useful recovery CDs ;)
Besides Knoppix, thereâ€â„Ã
��¢s also:
Slax - http://slax.linux-live.org/
Morphix - http://www.morphix.org/modules/news/
LNX-BBC - http://www.lnx-bbc.org/
Aurox - http://www.aurox.org/en/
Damn Small Linux - http://www.damnsmalllinux.org/
Gnoppix - http://www.gnoppix.org/
For a more complete list: http://www.frozentech.com/content/livecd.php
5. What are some basic Linux commands to get me going?
There are well over a 1000 commands to Linux/Unix -- starting out, you'll probably only be using the more common ones. Here are a few to get you going:
Directories and Files
ls ................. Show directory, in alphabetical order (use with -a to list hidden files)
mkdir .............. Make a directory
rmdir .............. Remove directory (rm -r to delete folders with files)
rm ................. Remove files
cd ................. Change current directory
more .... Views a file, pausing every screenfull
chmod .............. Changes permissions on a file
pwd ................ Prints your current directory path
Getting System Information
who ................ Shows who is logged into the local system
df ................. Shows disk space available on the system
du ................. Shows how much disk space is being used up by folders
free ............... Shows RAM/Swap usage
User Information
talk (user) ........ Pages user for chat - (user) is a email address
write (user) ....... Write a user on the local system (control-c to end)
passwd ............. Change your password
logout ............. Logs off of system
Misc
man ...... shows help on a specific command
6. Where can I get more software for Linux?
7. How can I dual-boot Linux and Windows?
8. I'm lost. What are some other resources that can help me out?
You could post your question here ! If not, the Linux Documentation Project (http://www.tldp.org) has a wealth of information - How-To's, FAQs, Guides, etc... and of coarse, there's always google.com
Here are some links:
- http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Teaching/Unix/
- http://www.linux.org/docs/index.html
- http://www.tldp.org
1. What is Linux/Unix?
2. Where can I get Linux?
3. I'm new to all this, what is an easy distro to learn on?
4. I've heard of Linux distros that just run off a CD, where can I get one of those?
5. What are some basic Linux commands to get me going?
6. Where can I get more software for Linux?
7. How can I dual-boot Linux and Windows?
8. I'm lost. What are some other resources to help me out?
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1. What is Linux/Unix?
Unix was an OS (Operating System) that was developed in the 1960s by Bell Labs (http://www.belllabs.com/history/unix), specifically by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie. Two major variants of Unix evolved throughout the decades; Bell Labs had given Unix away to MIT and Berkeley -- each of them spawning dozens off their own variants.
Linux is the kernel for an operating system that was written in the early 1990s by Linus Torvalds (Linus + Unix = Linux) as a 'Unix work-alike'. It looks like Unix, it acts like Unix, it can run most Unix software - but it's not Unix.
Linus posted his Linux Kernel source on the Internet and people from all over the world started developing for it -- all under the GNU Public License (www.gnu.org/gpl" target="_blank">http://wwww.gnu.org/gpl). Groups of these developers eventually began creating their own distributions or 'distros', like Slackware, Gentoo, and Debian -- which is technically referred to as GNU/Linux Operating Systems.
2. Where can I get Linux?
The best way to get Linux is to download an 'ISO'. Most distros offer an ISO image of their CDs for download on their web sites or you can go to http://www.linuxiso.org, which has a pretty good variety of distros.
Additionally, you could always pay a few bucks and buy a CD either from an online vendor (usually about 5 bucks) or at a local book or computer store (usually around 25 - 50 bucks... but you also get documentation with the extra cost).
3. I'm new to all this, what's an easy distro to learn on?
For Linux newbies, Mandrake, SuSe, or Redhat are usually the recommended distros; they're easy to install and do a pretty good job of detecting and setting up your hardware.
Once you grow more comfortable with Linux and are looking for something a little more 'hands-on', try Slackware or Debian.
4. I've heard of Linux distros that just run off a CD, where can I get one of those?
These are called 'Live-CDs', with Knoppix (http://www.knoppix.org) being the most common. Basically it works like this, you boot off the Live-CD and it creates a virtual drive out of the RAM of your computer that it loads itself into. From there you have a fully functional Linux distribution. When you're done, just pop put the CD and reboot -- everything will be back to normal.
These are good for the Linux curious who aren't ready make any permanent changes to their computer... they also make useful recovery CDs ;)
Besides Knoppix, thereâ€â„Ã
��¢s also:
Slax - http://slax.linux-live.org/
Morphix - http://www.morphix.org/modules/news/
LNX-BBC - http://www.lnx-bbc.org/
Aurox - http://www.aurox.org/en/
Damn Small Linux - http://www.damnsmalllinux.org/
Gnoppix - http://www.gnoppix.org/
For a more complete list: http://www.frozentech.com/content/livecd.php
5. What are some basic Linux commands to get me going?
There are well over a 1000 commands to Linux/Unix -- starting out, you'll probably only be using the more common ones. Here are a few to get you going:
Directories and Files
ls ................. Show directory, in alphabetical order (use with -a to list hidden files)
mkdir .............. Make a directory
rmdir .............. Remove directory (rm -r to delete folders with files)
rm ................. Remove files
cd ................. Change current directory
more
chmod .............. Changes permissions on a file
pwd ................ Prints your current directory path
Getting System Information
who ................ Shows who is logged into the local system
df ................. Shows disk space available on the system
du ................. Shows how much disk space is being used up by folders
free ............... Shows RAM/Swap usage
User Information
talk (user) ........ Pages user for chat - (user) is a email address
write (user) ....... Write a user on the local system (control-c to end)
passwd ............. Change your password
logout ............. Logs off of system
Misc
man
6. Where can I get more software for Linux?
7. How can I dual-boot Linux and Windows?
8. I'm lost. What are some other resources that can help me out?
You could post your question here ! If not, the Linux Documentation Project (http://www.tldp.org) has a wealth of information - How-To's, FAQs, Guides, etc... and of coarse, there's always google.com
Here are some links:
- http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Teaching/Unix/
- http://www.linux.org/docs/index.html
- http://www.tldp.org
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